Photo Credit: Adobe Stock

Il 3 novembre è l’anniversario del diluvio che devastò Firenze nel 1966.

November 3rd marks the anniversary of the flood that devastated Florence in 1966.

Il 3 novembre del 1966, dopo settimane di piogge torrenziali, le rive dell’Arno cedettero e l’acqua del fiume sfociò nella città. Firenze venne catturata, praticamente inconsapevole quella notte, e fu mal equipaggiata per affrontare le conseguenze dell’alluvione che danneggiò o distrusse molti capolavori e libri rari.

On the 3rd of November in 1966, after weeks of torrential rains, the Arno’s banks gave way, and river water gushed into the city. Florence was caught, virtually unaware that night, and was ill-equipped to deal with the aftermath of the flood that damaged or destroyed many masterpieces and rare books.

Photo Credit: Dreamstime

Con pochissime misure di emergenza pronte o una forza lavoro per ripulire il pasticcio risultante, Firenze dipendeva molto dai volontari soprannominati gli angeli del fango che scesero sulla città poco dopo aver appreso dell’alluvione. Questi inaspettati salvatori furono i giovani venuti da tutto il mondo e da tutta Italia per aiutare disinteressatamente i fiorentini a spalare circa 600.000 tonnellate di fango, macerie e liquami che rimasero dopo l’alluvione.

With very few emergency measures in place or a workforce to clean up the resulting mess, Florence depended greatly on volunteers dubbed the Mud Angels — gli angeli di fango, who descended upon the city shortly after learning about the flood. These unexpected saviors were the young people who came from all over the world and all over Italy to selflessly help the Florentines shovel approximately 600,000 tons of mud, rubble, and sewage that remained in the flood’s aftermath. 

Photo Credit: The country of origin of this photograph is Italy.
It is in the public domain there because its copyright term has expired.

I giovani volontari hanno affrontato melma profonda al ginocchio e fango e Nafta —l’olio combustibile appiccicoso che sgorgava da linee di riscaldamento rotte rivestimento muri in pietra, statue e superfici in marmo. Anche i danni causati dall’acqua sono stati significativi. Le vetrine dei negozi sono state distrutte, i beni rovinati, le auto distrutte, trascinate per le strade da potenti correnti e accatastate una sopra l’altra.

The young volunteers faced knee-deep slime, mud, and sticky Nafta fuel oil gushed from broken heating lines coating stone walls, statues, and marble surfaces. The water damage was also quite significant. Shop windows were shattered, merchandise ruined, cars were trashed, dragged through the streets by powerful currents, and left piled one on top of the other.

angeli-fango-tribute-mud-angels-50th-anniversary-florence-flood
Photo Credit: Firenze Today Archivio Foto Locchi
Photo Credit: The country of origin of this photograph is Italy.
It is in the public domain there because its copyright term has expired.

Gli Angeli del Fango hanno lavorato instancabilmente, ispirati dalla speranza e dalla volontà di fare la differenza.

The Mud Angels worked tirelessly, inspired by hope and a willingness to make a difference.

La maggior parte non fu mai pagata per i loro sforzi, e molti dormirono in vagoni nel cortile dei treni di Santa Maria Novella. Durante il giorno, spazzavano via i detriti dalle strade o passavano a mano i libri mollicci e i manoscritti dal seminterrato della Biblioteca Nazionale. Ad altri fu assegnato il compito di spalmare i muri con solventi caustici per estrarre gli oli dalla superficie degli edifici antichi. Tuttavia, altri aiutarono in ospedale urbano o aiutarono i mercanti locali a pulire i loro negozi.

Most were never paid for their efforts, and many slept in boxcars in the train yard of Santa Maria Novella. During the day, they swept debris from the streets or passed hand over hand soggy books and manuscripts from the Biblioteca Nazionale’s basement. Others were assigned the job of smearing walls with caustic solvents to pull the oils from the surface of ancient buildings. Still, others helped in the city’s hospital or assisted local merchants in cleaning out their shops.

Photo Credit: The country of origin of this photograph is Italy.
It is in the public domain there because its copyright term has expired.

In un’intervista del 1996 Mario Primicerio, un professore che prestò la sua assistenza durante l’alluvione, e poi sindaco di Firenze, ha offerto tre ragioni principali per cui gli Angeli del Fango si sentivano obbligati ad aiutare: una preoccupazione per le generazioni future, Un sentimento di unità internazionale e di solidarietà pervasiva.

In a 1996 interview Mario Primicerio, once a professor who lent his assistance during the flood, and later mayor of Florence, offered three principal reasons as to why the Mud Angels felt compelled to help: a concern for future generations, a feeling of international unity and a pervasive sense of solidarity.

Photo Credit: The country of origin of this photograph is Italy.
It is in the public domain there because its copyright term has expired.

Per commemorare il 50º anniversario dell’alluvione, alcuni anni fa ho partecipato a un omaggio a Firenze e agli Angeli del Fango a San Francisco presso l’Istituto Italiano Cultura. Le persone si sono riunite per guardare un cortometraggio e ascoltare le storie raccontate dagli studenti che hanno frequentato il campus di Firenze di Gonzaga (Spokane, Washington) all’epoca.

To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the flood, a couple of years ago I attended a tribute to Florence and the Mud Angels in San Francisco at the Istituto Italiano Cultura. People came together to watch a short film and listen to the stories told by students who attended Gonzaga (Spokane, Washington) University’s Florence campus at that time.

angeli-fango-tribute-mud-angels-50th-anniversary-florence-flood
Photo Credit: Firenze Today Archivio Foto Locchi

Abbiamo anche sentito da una Fiorentina, che ha condiviso ricordi personali dell’evento e di come la sua famiglia e vicini di casa hanno affrontato  la perdita di elettricità e come l’acqua ha riempito i primi piani e le scale del suo palazzo nell’Oltrarno. Ha ricordato le urla che echeggiano attraverso l’oscurità come i vicini chiusi in casa si chiamavano l’un l’altro dagli edifici accanto.

We also heard from a Florentine woman who shared personal memories of the event and how her family and neighbors coped with losing electricity as the waters filled the stairwells of her apartment building in the Oltrarno. Many recalled the eery silence and pitch blackness of the night when the electric generators failed. She remembered the shouts and cries that echoed through the darkness as stranded neighbors called to one another from adjacent buildings.

Photo Credit: The country of origin of this photograph is Italy.
It is in the public domain there because its copyright term has expired.

Un’altra persona ha ricordato che anche se il ponte di Ponte Vecchio è sopravvissuto, sembrava che fosse stato colpito da una bomba. Dove i gioiellieri erano stati, grandi buchi aperti sono rimasti, e la gente ha cercato attraverso il fango per trovare gioielli sulla strada.

Another person recalled that although the Ponte Vecchio Bridge survived, it looked as if it had been hit by a bomb. Where the jewelry stores had been, giant gaping holes remained, and people searched through the mud to find jewels in the street.

Ma il ricordo più vivo per la maggior parte era l’odore di muffa rancida nella città che rimase per giorni, anche settimane dopo che le acque di inondazione si ritirarono.

But the most vivid memory for most was the rancid, musty smell of the city that remained for days, even weeks, after the floodwaters receded.

Photo Credit: The country of origin of this photograph is Italy.
It is in the public domain there because its copyright term has expired.

L’alluvione del ’66 fu un evento drammatico, e mentre le vittime umane erano poche, il costo effettivo fu la devastazione dei tesori d’arte di Firenze. Se il disastro avesse prodotto qualcosa di buono, sarebbe stato il progresso della conservazione dei libri e del restauro artistico.

The flood of ’66 was a dramatic event, and while human casualties were few, the actual cost was the devastation of Florence’s art treasures. If any good came out of the disaster, it would be the book conservation and art restoration advancements.

È molto interessante ascoltare le storie degli angeli del fango, ma anche le immagini di quei giorni sono potenti, sorprendenti e sobrie. Come si dice, un’immagine parla mille parole.

It is fascinating to listen to the stories of the Mud Angels, but the images of those days also are powerful, astonishing, and sobering. As they say, a picture speaks a thousand words.


The story of the Mud Angels inspired a chapter in my novel “Dreaming Sophia,” a novel set in Florence. You can find the novel on Amazon in print, epub, and audio.



Similar Posts

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

One Comment

  1. Thank you for this. I’m watching the film, La Meglio Gioventù (for the third time!) which includes coverage of this disaster and the remarkable pulling together of young people to help in whichever way they could. While it was such a sad event, it also gives me hope for the future – that it IS possible to make a difference and to leave things in better condition than we found them.